If an employer wants his employee to pay damage, the employer must be able to prove the breach of duty otherwise he will pay the damage himself.

The annual total losses caused by fires in the Czech Republic (direct and indirect) are not negligible. The total amount of these damages is to a large extent also involved in fires caused by the operation of electrical wiring and equipment. In terms of fire protection in these cases remains a key issue rate of compliance with fire safety requirements in design, construction, and especially in the operation of these facilities. Currently, in addition to the system of Czech technical standards implemented a lot of new European standards which transpose the international requirements for testing, design, operation and maintenance of electrical wiring and equipment, which requires often the direct modification of existing CSN, in those parts which are contrary thereto. This situation logically caused societal need to address this issue in order to protect public interests, and comprehensively, using available European technical documents, specifications and national standards of EU member states, according to the current state of science and technology.

2000 respondents were asked about their water usage for personal hygiene and other common purposes. Respondets were also asked about their water-saving knowledge, using that knowledge and about reasons why to save water.

Until now, offices on the outskirts were used mainly by factories and wholesalers who simply added the offices into their factories. Now other companies become interested in these places as well. How is this situation seen by developers and how by management consultant?

The paper is focused on the energy needs for preservation of food in retail food stores, which means cooling and freezing of food. The first part of the article is devoted to the issue of cold appliances in supermarkets, which include refrigeration and freezer boxes and furniture for distribution and sales. The second part of the article is based on the calculation of a refrigeration load and cooling demand for case study of a reference retail food store. The article aims to highlight the issue of energy need for preservation of food and defining of approach for design of general food refrigeration equipment of reference retail food store and to create conditions to establish energy-saving measures.

The paper is focused on the energy needs for preservation of food in retail food stores, which means cooling and freezing of food. The first part of the article is devoted to the issue of cold appliances in supermarkets, which include refrigeration and freezer boxes and furniture for distribution and sales. The second part of the article is based on the calculation of a refrigeration load and cooling demand for case study of a reference retail food store. The article aims to highlight the issue of energy need for preservation of food and defining of approach for design of general food refrigeration equipment of reference retail food store and to create conditions to establish energy-saving measures.

The article is focused on ambivalent features of systems intelligent building management from the obligatory requests on fire safety point of view. It insists that reliable and functional detection is the basic predetermination to effective solution in fire case but it is not sufficient to the total fire protection provision. The complex solution of the problematics involves many further steps and provisions of both, technical and organizational character.

External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS) still plays an important role in increasing the energy efficiency of buildings – the bigger is the demand, the thicker is just the insulation layer. In August 2016, a new version of basic fire safety Czech standard ČSN 73 0810 comes into action. Changes stated in this document are related, among other, to ETICS and it significantly changes the use of combustible and incombustible thermal insulation on facades. This article intends to point out the essentials of the mentioned problematics.

Presented text discusses the use of RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aerial System) in the building industry and heritage preservation. It provides information of various case studies and shows examples. For the purposes of building industry and technological area monitoring multicopter systems are mainly used. They have more complex control, but they can be successfully navigated in very low heights and low speeds around and above the object. Safe handling and ensuring the area after agreement with the owner or facility manager is crucial for their use.

Presented text discusses RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aerial System) in terms of history, legislation and its possible use especially in the civil sector. RPAS, often called UAV / UAS or “drones” in slang are a phenomenon of recent years. They present modern and popular technology that has undergone an unprecedented boom thanks to miniaturization of electronics, control and navigation equipment, high-performance battery development as well as individual components now available for affordable prices. Safe manipulation and current limits of applicability are indispensable and must be taken into account.

Air filtration is basic operation for indoor air environment protection against solid and liquid pollutants. Beside human and natural activity pollutants there are bacterias, viruses and mildews.

Energy-efficient buildings research is one chapter of General Programme for Research and Innovation Horizont 2020 (2014 - 2020) which helps reaching the aims of european energy policy. First part of the article deals with characteristics of private-public partnership called Energy-efficient buildings (PPP EeB) that was founded for this purpose during previous General programme (2007 - 2013) and sums up projects PPP EeB supported in both programmes so far. Second part of the article deals with Czech participation in this programmes and describes topics of nearest Programme Hotizont calls for the year 2017.

The active fire safety devices, by which are in the contribution meant especially electric fire alarms, stabile fire extinguishing means and devices for smoke and heat removal, are an important part of building security systems. For the proper function of these systems it is necessary to pay attention to the priority how to put into operation the particular device, their coordina tion and interaction between them.
The principles of the prioritizing how to put into the operation the individual active fire safety devices are described on the basis of the reasons for the devices installation and their priority or eventually secondary protection targets. The attention is paid also to the coordina tion of the fire safety means.

Energy-efficient buildings research is one chapter of General Programme for Research and Innovation Horizont 2020 (2014 - 2020) which helps reaching the aims of european energy policy. First part of the article deals with characteristics of private-public partnership called Energy-efficient buildings (PPP EeB) that was founded for this purpose during previous General programme (2007 - 2013) and sums up projects PPP EeB supported in both programmes so far. Second part of the article deals with Czech participation in this programmes and describes topics of nearest Programme Hotizont calls for the year 2017.

Gray water recycling requirement for construction of new buildings of a certain size becomes mandatory in some areas. It can be expected that over time this trend will spread into areas that are prone to lack of drinking water, or the lack of treatment capacity impedes economic growth.

The aim of the article is to provide several concrete solutions and applications of Smart Cities that are already being applied in the world and try to describe their contribution to urban residents. We focus on the first two of the six key areas of Smart City – Smart Government and Smart Transportation.

Effectiveness in a broad sense expresses the degree to which the intended purpose (effect) was achieved. The purpose of efficiency - effect - is to create higher value-added workers at a higher quality working environment in the organization.

Each technology equipping today's modern buildings, facilities or campuses, provides a variety of operational data - alarms, status variables and operating parameters, which can effectively help in managing their operations. Therefore it is absolutely logical step to focus them into one unified graphical environment.

Each technology equipping today's modern buildings, facilities or campuses, provides a variety of operational data - alarms, status variables and operating parameters, which can effectively help in managing their operations. Therefore it is absolutely logical step to focus them into one unified graphical environment.

Automatic sprinkler systems are used for fighting usually water. Firefighting foam is possible. Accordingly, sprinkler systems water or foam-water. Sprinklers are triggered automatically.